2020 was a year unlike any other. Companies and businesses of all sizes and governments new and old had to change across all facets, and technology helped manage these changes. Whether it was Blackboard, Zoom, Netflix, or any number of other tools, we relied on technology to help prepare meals, teach our children, collaborate with coworkers, and even entertain ourselves after yet another day at home. Rather than slow us down, 2020 accelerated our shift to a digital world, and I anticipate we won’t go back any time soon. Thanks to this acceleration, from my vantage point, 2021 will be a launchpad for all kinds of change. Here are some of the areas that will be driving it.
2020年是与众不同的一年。各种规模的公司和企业以及新老政府都必须在各个方面进行变革，而技术可以帮助应对这些变化。无论是Blackboard，Zoom，Netflix还是其他许多工具，我们都依靠技术来帮助准备饭菜，教我们的孩子，与同事合作，甚至在第二天在家中娱乐自己。2020年并没有让我们放慢脚步，反而加速了我们向数字世界的转变，我预计我们不会很快回去。得益于这一加速，从我的角度出发，2021年将成为各种变革的启动板。以下是一些会推动它发展的领域。
1. Cloud will be everywhere
The days of cloud capabilities being centralized in data centers are fast fading. Today, cloud-based applications can help boost the performance of ships at sea, aircraft traversing the sky, and in our cars and homes. Access to the cloud’s compute and storage is also reaching farther—from rural communities and remote wildernesses to near-earth orbit. Practically speaking, the cloud is accessible nearly everywhere—and it’s not just reach that matters, it’s the speed of the connections. For example, 5G extends to the edge of the networks and enables real computational work to be done.
This matters because tasks can now start to happen where results are needed most. For example, driverless cars become real, you can have more natural conversations with services like Alexa, and factories, homes, and office spaces become increasingly efficient and resilient. And if gaming is your thing, you’ll no longer need to worry about lag hampering your experience and your skills will be at full strength, wherever you are.
1.云无处不在
云功能集中在数据中心的时代正在迅速消逝。如今，基于云的应用程序可以帮助提高海上船舶，穿越天空的飞机以及我们的汽车和房屋的性能。从农村社区和偏远的荒野到近地轨道，对云计算和存储的访问也越来越广泛。实际上，云几乎可在任何地方访问，而不仅仅是影响范围，还在于连接的速度。例如，5G延伸到网络的边缘，使真正的计算工作得以完成。
这很重要，因为任务现在可以在十分需要结果的地方开始发生。例如，无人驾驶汽车成为现实，您可以与Alexa等服务进行更自然的对话，并且工厂，房屋和办公室空间变得越来越高效和灵活。而且，如果您的工作是游戏，那么您将不再需要担心延迟会影响您的体验，并且无论您身在何处，您的技能都将得到充分发挥。
2. The internet of machine learning
We generate more data in one hour than was created in the entirety of 2000—and more data will be created in the next three years than was created over the past 30. In 2020, whether you’re a data scientist or not, we got a glimpse of this growing data curve as scientific researchers, pharmaceutical companies, governments, and healthcare institutes turned every resource toward developing vaccines, novel treatments, and other means to help the world’s population remain healthy during the pandemic. These efforts required generating and processing vast amounts of data. The only realistic way to handle all the information is to use ingestion and aggregation tools, married to machine learning (ML) models, to help make sense of it. It’s no wonder that ML went mainstream this year.
In 2021, we’ll see accelerated adoption of ML models across industries and government. In manufacturing, ML will be embedded on production lines, able to spot production anomalies in real-time. In agriculture, ML models will help farmers intelligently manage precious resources, such as soil and water. For parts of the world where small-holder farmers are the majority—for example, across Southeast Asia and Africa—pushing ML models into new applications and collecting data closer to the edge will be revolutionary in helping increase crop yields and find the best price for their effort.
2.机器学习的互联网
我们在一小时内生成的数据要比2000年全年创建的数据更多-未来三年将创建的数据要比过去30年来创建的数据更多。到2020年，无论您是不是数据科学家，我们都可以科学研究人员，制药公司，政府和医疗机构将每种资源都转向开发疫苗，新颖疗法和其他手段来帮助大流行期间世界人民保持健康的过程中，这一数据曲线一瞥。这些工作需要生成和处理大量数据。处理所有信息的唯 一现实方法是使用与机器学习（ML）模型结合使用的提取和汇总工具来帮助理解这些信息。难怪ML今年成为主流。
在2021年，我们将看到ML模型在行业和政府中的加速采用。在制造过程中，机器学习将嵌入到生产线中，能够实时发现生产异常。在农业中，机器学习模型将帮助农民智能地管理宝贵的资源，例如土壤和水。对于小农户占多数的世界某些地区（例如整个东南亚和非洲），将ML模型推入新的应用程序并在边缘附近收集数据将是革命性的，有助于提高农作物产量并找到更好的价格。他们的努力。
3. In 2021, pictures, video, and audio will speak more than words
A few years ago, I talked about the death of the keyboard due to the rapid growth of voice-activated computing and the rise of user interfaces that allow humans to communicate with machines—and with each other—more naturally. In the months and years ahead, I predict that keyboards will continue to phase out in an evolved way.
In the past year—as we all entered the depths of lock down—we increasingly communicated via audio, video, and images. As a result, the amount of text we consume on our screens is being reduced as we make more use of multimedia to communicate. Companies that want to remain relevant to their customers need to be keenly aware of these changing habits—rather than expecting customers to interact with their products and services through a keyboard, mouse, or other mechanical ways. When it comes to building relationships and transacting with a brand, customers want to do what’s natural to them. Thus, companies should explore this move towards user interfaces like voice, and other forms of audio and video.
3.在2021年，图片，视频和音频将说出更多的文字
几年前，我谈到了由于语音激活计算的快速增长以及允许人类更自然地与机器以及彼此通信的用户界面的出现而使键盘消失的问题。在未来的几个月和几年中，我预计键盘将以逐步发展的方式逐步淘汰。
在过去的一年中（当我们都进入锁定的深度时），我们越来越通过音频，视频和图像进行通信。结果，随着我们更多地使用多媒体进行通信，我们在屏幕上消耗的文本量正在减少。希望与客户保持联系的公司需要敏锐地意识到这些不断变化的习惯，而不是期望客户通过键盘，鼠标或其他机械方式与其产品和服务进行交互。在建立关系和与品牌进行交易时，客户希望做对他们自然的事情。因此，公司应该探索这种向用户界面（例如语音）以及其他形式的音频和视频的转变。
4. Technology will transform our physical worlds as much as our digital worlds
In 2020 we were introduced to social distancing. As we spaced ourselves out, we had the chance to take stock and rethink how our cities live, breathe, and flow. Many of the places we live and work have been built on decades-old assumptions (or centuries-old, depending on where you live) that don’t hold up anymore—or at the very least, don’t perform well in a pandemic.
With the help of advanced data analytics, we’ll start to figure out how to design our cities with the advantages of social distancing without the sense of being apart. Our planning will consider how we make our communities healthier and safer, rather than merely denser and more efficient. It’s the true convergence of the digital and the physical.
4.技术将改变我们的物理世界和我们的数字世界
在2020年，我们被引入了社会隔离。当我们间隔开自己时，我们有机会盘点一下，重新思考我们的城市如何生活，呼吸和流动。我们生活和工作的许多地方都是建立在几十年的假设之上（或几百年的历史，取决于您的居住地），这些假设不再成立，或者至少在大流行中表现不佳。
在高级数据分析的帮助下，我们将开始思考如何在没有分隔感的情况下利用社交距离优势设计城市。我们的计划将考虑如何使我们的社区更健康，更安全，而不仅仅是密度更高，效率更高。这是数字和物理的真正融合。
5. Remote learning earns its place in education
Recently, I spoke with high school students in Warsaw, Poland, who use the online learning service Brainly to keep up with their schoolwork and help each other in class. Tools like Brainly have exploded as parents support their kids’ learning in this new remote education reality.
Technology, and access to it, has played a huge role in children’s education during this pandemic. In 2021, we’ll prove that remote learning can work—and may be a better option for some—and can have a positive and more persistent role in education. We don’t need a global health crisis for online classes to make sense. Having remote schooling (and working) options widely available at any time means that kids can stay home when they’re sick without falling behind. Or what if there’s no school to go to at all? If there’s an internet connection, there’s the possibility for some type of education.
No question, I think we should send our kids back to classrooms. But there will be other interruptions. Remote classrooms give school systems the flexibility to respond to unforeseen events—whether pandemics, natural disasters, or man-made calamities—to continue student education.
5.远程学习在教育中占有一席之地
近来，我与波兰华沙的高中生进行了交谈，他们使用在线学习服务Brainly来保持他们的学业并在课堂上互相帮助。随着父母在这种新的远程教育现实中支持孩子的学习，诸如Brainly之类的工具已经爆 炸式增长。
在这种大流行期间，技术及其获取途径在儿童教育中发挥了巨大作用。在2021年，我们将证明远程学习可以起作用，并且对于某些人来说可能是更好的选择，并且可以在教育中发挥积极和持久的作用。对于在线课程，我们不需要全球健康危机。随时都有广泛的远程上学（和工作）选项，这意味着孩子生病时可以留在家里而不会落后。或者，如果根本没有学校上学怎么办？如果有互联网连接，则可以进行某种类型的教育。
没问题，我认为我们应该把孩子们送回教室。但是还会有其他干扰。远程教室使学校系统可以灵活地应对突发事件（无论是大流行，自然灾害还是人为灾难），以继续进行学生教育。
6. Small businesses will race to the cloud, and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa will lead the way
In a massive shift, small businesses will begin to make use of advanced cloud technology to reach their customers. We’ll see an explosion of higher-level technologies and service providers that cater to these small businesses. In turn, this will help small business do everything—from spinning up a chatbot to help answer frequently asked questions, to getting a customer relationship management system in place and running within minutes. Small businesses get the benefits of sophisticated architectures and applications without having to invest the time and expense of building it themselves.
The “cloud everywhere” trend described above is enabling this shift alongside the experience that most small businesses faced this past year. In many cases, the difference between surviving—or not—was an ability to leverage technology. Only 47% of small and medium businesses in the U.S. have their own website. Expect this number to grow in 2021. As this trend expands globally, we should look to nations in Southeast Asia—like Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, and Africa, like Kenya, Nigeria, and South Africa—to lead the way.
6.小型企业将竞逐云计算，东南亚和撒哈拉以南非洲将引领潮流
在一个巨大的转变中，小型企业将开始利用先进的云技术来吸引客户。我们将看到迎合这些小型企业的高级技术和服务提供商的爆 炸式增长。反过来，这将帮助小型企业做所有事情-从创建聊天机器人以帮助回答常见问题，到建立客户关系管理系统并在几分钟之内运行。小型企业无需复杂的架构和应用程序即可受益，而无需花费时间和金钱自行构建。
上面描述的“无处不在的云”趋势正在使这一转变与大多数小型企业在过去一年中所面临的经验相结合。在许多情况下，幸存与否之间的区别是利用技术的能力。在美国，只有47％的中小企业拥有自己的网站。预计这一数字将在2021年增长。随着这一趋势在全球范围内扩展，我们应该寻求东南亚国家（如印度尼西亚，菲律宾，泰国，越南和非洲，如肯尼亚，尼日利亚和南非）的引领。
7. Quantum computing starts to bloom
We’ve seen time and again, if you can democratize the most advanced, complex technology and make it affordable, available, and understandable to as many people as possible, great things happen. At re:Invent 2019 we announced Amazon Braket, a fully-managed quantum computing service that helps researchers and developers get started with the technology to accelerate research and discovery. And in 2020 we made it available to everyone.
There’s no question we’re at the early stages of this mind-bending approach to computing, but that’s the point of Braket. It’s especially important in this exploratory time that we let as many people as possible get their hands dirty and their brains wrapped around quantum computing. As companies and institutions begin to experiment with quantum for the first time—and as that expertise starts to move beyond the academic world—we’ll see business plans and the early seeds of products and services that center around a quantum future.
7.量子计算开始蓬勃发展
我们一次又一次地看到，如果您可以使zui先进，zui复杂的技术民主化，并使之能够负担得起，尽可能多地被人们理解，那么伟大的事情就会发生。在re：Invent 2019上，我们发布了Amazon Braket，这是一种完全托管的量子计算服务，可帮助研究人员和开发人员开始使用该技术来加速研究和发现。到2020年，我们将其提供给所有人。
毫无疑问，我们正处于这种令人费解的计算方法的早期阶段，但这就是Braket的重点。在这个探索性的时代中，特别重要的是，我们要让尽可能多的人弄脏双手，让大脑缠住量子计算。随着公司和机构第 一次开始尝试量子技术，并且随着专业知识开始超越学术领域，我们将看到围绕量子未来的商业计划以及产品和服务的早期种子。
8. The final frontier...
For technology to help everyone around the world live a better life, we shouldn’t go out and around the world as much as we should go up and above it.
In 2019, we launched a service called AWS Ground Station. It enables the ability to control satellite communications, process data, and scale operations without having to worry about building or managing a ground station infrastructure. We’re already seeing the ability to access and process satellite data helping researchers track glacial recession, maritime agencies protect vulnerable marine reserves, and agronomists better predict food supply. Startups are looking to establish a new breed of fast, secure networks in outer space. By making access to space affordable and accessible to every developer, I’m looking forward to seeing the innovations that come back down to earth and help us grow and prosper
8.zui后的边界...
对于技术帮助大家在世界各地过上更好的生活，我们不应该去了和周围的世界一样，我们应该上去上面吧。
在2019年，我们推出了一项名为AWS Ground Station的服务。它具有控制卫星通信，处理数据和扩展操作的能力，而不必担心建立或管理地面站基础设施。我们已经看到了访问和处理卫星数据的能力，这些能力可以帮助研究人员追踪冰川的衰退，海事机构保护脆弱的海洋保护区以及农学家可以更好地预测粮食供应。初创企业希望在太空中建立一种新型的快速，安全的网络。通过使每位开发人员都能负担得起并获得价格合理的空间使用权，我期待看到扎根于地面的创新技术，并帮助我们成长和繁荣。
注：该文章转载自亚马孙科技，若有侵权，请联系删除！
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